手术室装修：实验室三废处理系统方法
一、实验室废气处理
1、 Laboratory waste gas treatment
正常情况下，实验室产生的废气主要包括试剂和样品的挥发物、实验过程的中间产物，以及泄漏和排空的标准气、载气等，通常有燃烧、吸收、冷凝、活性炭吸附几种处理方式。
Under normal circumstances, the waste gas generated in the laboratory mainly includes volatile substances from reagents and samples, intermediate products from the experimental process, as well as leaked and emptied standard gas, carrier gas, etc. There are usually several treatment methods such as combustion, absorption, condensation, and activated carbon adsorption.
在规划设计中，可根据实验室大小设计安装不同数量的通风橱或通风柜，少量无害气体可通过管道排出室外，经空气稀释排出，大量的有毒气体必须通过与氧充分燃烧或吸收处理后才能排放。同时，还要注意考虑实验室排风系统，很多实验过程中都需要开启排风功能。
In planning and design, different numbers of fume hoods or fume hoods can be designed and installed according to the size of the laboratory. A small amount of harmless gases can be discharged outdoors through pipelines and diluted with air. A large amount of toxic gases must be fully burned or absorbed with oxygen before being discharged. At the same time, it is also important to consider the laboratory exhaust system, as many experiments require the exhaust function to be turned on.
二、实验室废水处理
2、 Laboratory wastewater treatment
实验室废水来源主要有三方面，分别是：从外采集回来的废水、实验过程中产生的废水以及洗涤过程产生的废水，主要是有机废水和无机废水。无机废水有酸、碱、金属和剧毒物质如氰化物等。有机废水包括碳水化合物、酚、醇、多环芳烃、芳香烃等污染物废液。
There are three main sources of laboratory wastewater, namely: wastewater collected from outside, wastewater generated during the experimental process, and wastewater generated during the washing process, mainly organic wastewater and inorganic wastewater. Inorganic wastewater includes acids, alkalis, metals, and highly toxic substances such as cyanide. Organic wastewater includes waste liquid containing pollutants such as carbohydrates, phenols, alcohols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons.
实验室废水需处理达标后才能排放，因此需要安装实验室废水处理设备，去除酸、碱、重金属、有机溶剂及杀灭致病微生物的功能等等，按规定处理完毕。
Laboratory wastewater needs to be treated to meet standards before it can be discharged. Therefore, it is necessary to install laboratory wastewater treatment equipment to remove acids, alkalis, heavy metals, organic solvents, and kill pathogenic microorganisms, and complete the treatment according to regulations.
三、固体废弃物处理
3、 Solid waste treatment
固体废弃物包括空药品瓶、药品残渣、残留或失效的化学试剂等，往往需要实行预处理，无法自行处理的危险废液、固废，要分类收集并贴好标签，交由专门的危废处理公司进行处理。
Solid waste, including empty drug bottles, drug residues, residual or ineffective chemical reagents, often requires pre-treatment. Hazardous waste liquids and solid waste that cannot be self treated should be classified, collected, labeled, and handed over to specialized hazardous waste treatment companies for treatment.
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